Pendle Witches Tour – Pendle Hill The name "Pendle" is a tautological combination of different words for "hill" from various languages: Pen (Celtic), dun (Saxon), and hill (English), so its name literally means "hill hill hill." The hill is a site of significant geological interest, giving its name to a specific time interval in the Carboniferous period known as the "Pendleian." The hill's geology is characterized by a series of uplifted layers of rock, including sandstones, mudstones, and limestones. These rock formations provide evidence of a changing environment over millions of years, from a shallow sea to deep-water seabeds formed by powerful underwater avalanches of sediment known as turbidity currents. Geological Origin The plateau of Pendle Hill is made of Pendle Grit, a coarse Carboniferous sandstone, dating back around 300 million years. During the last Ice Age, much of the lower slopes were covered in glacial till and boulder clay—the boulder likely being part of this glacial debris. Bronze Age Footprint Around the summit, Bronze Age burial cairns also suggest early human use of the site.
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